From 2016 to 2017, Tulkens, who will be speaking alongside Sands, chaired the Monsanto Tribunal, which delivered a non-binding legal opinion on the companys practices and ruled that ecocide should be an international crime. Otto, an indicted war criminal, evaded justice and escaped to Rome after the war with the help of the Vaticanand, Sands came to discover, with the knowledge of the U.S. government. Guests at the ceremony included Milein and Hans niece Ena Blyth, as well as current owners of the home, Philippe Sands and Natalia Schiffrin. Three years after Torture Team was published, he received an invitation that, unbeknowst to him at the time, would again change the trajectory of his career. The space, with two softly lit chandeliers, has an intimate feel to it. Also referred to as the Reich migratory route, the Ratline was an escape route used by Nazis to flee from Europe to South America, [which had been] identified as a place of safety governed by sympathetic leaders. (For many of us, it is understood as the backstory to Seventies films such as Marathon Man and The Boys from Brazil.) Dignitaries included His Excellency the Austrian Ambassador Michael Zimmermann and Head of the Cultural section at the German embassy Dr. Ralf Teepe. Hans Frank was tried at Nuremberg and subsequently executed, a fate Niklas applauds: his own memoir In the Shadow of the Reich condemns his fathers actions. But Sands is a lawyer, not a novelist, and his book is a carefully researched prosecution, not an exploration of motive. Mr. Sands came out strongly against the legality of the 2003 Iraq war, an issue about which he is fiercely critical of former Prime Minister Tony Blair, and he is despairing about Britains vote to leave the European Union, changing his entry on Wikipedia from an Anglo-French lawyer to a Franco-British one. in 1982 and going on to achieve a first class honours in the LLM course a year later. The legislation represents a major chance to tackle emissions, but some lawmakers vow to keep climate measures out. When the Germans invaded, his father, a doctor with the Bata shoe company, was mercifully relocated by his employers to Singapore. It reinforces the sense of them against us, he said, adding: Once one community has genocide another community wants its genocide.. Philippe Sands is professor of law at University College London. They backed a U.N. resolution asking the International Court of Justice to issue an advisory opinion on the legality of the use of nuclear weapons. Like all of us who live still in the shadow of the Second World WarNiklas Frank, or Philippe Sands, or Alexander WolffStoppard has felt the call to turn and face history. Among those whom the court singled out was Feith, the former Under-Secretary of Defense for Policy, along with former Attorney General Alberto Gonzales; John Yoo, a former Justice Department lawyer; and David Addington, the chief of staff and the principal legal adviser to Vice-President Dick Cheney. WebSchiffrin's daughter, journalist Anya Schiffrin, is married to the economist and Nobel Prize winner Joseph Stiglitz. Find family history information in a whole new way Create a free family tree for yourself or for Natalia Schiffrin and well search for valuable new information for you. EDINBURGH Like many Holocaust survivors, his grandfather said little about the past. (44) 20 7387 9597 Fax. January 2022. He wanted to go further. This has always been the impulse of the brilliant playwright who is now the subject of Tom Stoppard: A Life (Knopf, $37.50), by Hermione Lee. The moderator and Sands take their place at the center of the hall, which has a high ceiling and two floors of galleries along three of the four walls. She was 18 when she married Allan Sands, who was a friend of her cousin, and they divorced in what Philippe calls a very conflictual separation when he was just 15, though they now live on opposite sides of the same street. In the mid 90s, France resumed testing nuclear weapons in the South Pacific, leaving widespread radioactive waste in the atmosphere and ocean. He was convicted and hanged in October 1946. But the retrospective awareness of that underlying trauma surely illuminates much about Stoppards extraordinary and endlessly inventive oeuvre. When Cogolati makes a remark suggesting the crime of ecocide should apply to corporate entities along with individuals, Sands starts fidgeting with his pen until he has an opening to jump in. This exfiltration path generally led through Rome, and individuals affiliated with the Vatican seem to have been repeatedly involved. I wonder if that name was chosen and imposed by my mother to mask history, he said. Because of their work, crimes against humanity and genocide were written into the fabric of the Nuremberg tribunal and now form the foundation of modern international criminal law. He resurfaced in Rome in 1949, where he suddenly took ill and died while under the care of Bishop Alois Hudal, an Austrian Catholic with Nazi sympathies. His family is your family. Dignitaries included His Excellency The Austrian Ambassador Michael Zimmermann and Head of the Cultural section at the German embassy Ralf Teepe. Sands and his colleagues recognized the injustice at the heart of those issues: industrialized countries amassed their wealth in part through unrestrained pollution into the global commons while small nations that contributed little to the problems faced the worst effects. Katie has a masters degree in investigative journalism from Arizona State Universitys Walter Cronkite School of Journalism, an LLM in international rule of law and security from ASUs Sandra Day OConnor College of Law, a J.D. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. There was absolute silence as he spoke, no immunity. Audible gasps flooded the chamber. Both of those men were, like Mr. Sandss grandfather, the only survivors of their extended Jewish families, murdered by the Nazis under the administration of Hans Frank, Hitlers personal lawyer, who became governor-general of occupied Poland and who was convicted and executed at Nuremberg. In it, he disproved the administrations narrative that torture had come from the bottom up, as opposed to a top-down administration policy. If he feels any pressure it doesnt show. Ad Choices. Dan Esty, who attended the summit on behalf of the United States and is now a Yale law professor, said the draft treaty instantly elevated the standing of small island countries: They demonstrated the truth of an ideathat if you come to a conversation, not because you bring big power or money, but bring a big idea with an important moral foundation, you can get people to pay attention.. The British lawyer is flush with energy, despite being at the tail end of a week-long visit with clients on the island nation of Mauritius. She also wrote for a number of publications and her stories have appeared in the Washington Post, USA Today, Chicago Tribune, Seattle Times and The Associated Press, among others. Another 10 years passed before the world saw the first conviction for a genocide crime. does work as a form of defence and a means of persuasion. Late in life, Stoppard. In 2019, while trekking across the Alps with his youngest daughter, Sands saw firsthand the lifeless plots of land where glaciers had once stood. A digest of the most pressing climate-related news, released every Tuesday and Friday. It deals with issues of identity: who are we? he explains. A coalition of small island states in the Pacific asked Sands and his colleague, Andrew Clapham, to represent them at the conference. Boye said last week of Sands, Let me just say that he played a very big role in my thinking. I just want to be treated as Sands. He then had long relationships with two actresses, Felicity Kendal and Sinad Cusack, before marrying the television producer Sabrina Guinness in 2014. He launches into what he calls his ecocide stump speech in French from a seat on a raised dais. We really have., His own evolution on the idea of an ecocide crime has been gradual. Menu. In The Ratline, Sands has once again written a riveting and insightful historical page-turner that proves to be part History Channel, part W.G.Sebald. Back in London, he walks on the heath near his home and often coaxes colleagues and friends into joining him. When Philippe and his wife Natalia Schiffrin spotted the house it was a bit run down in 1999 they didnt know its recent history or the connection with Milein Cosman and Hans Keller, both of whom have died. But the case set an important precedent solidifying the principle of universal jurisdiction and denying former political leaders immunity for international crimes. Guests at the blue plaque ceremony included Milein and Hans niece Ena Blyth, as well as current owners of the home, Philippe Sands and Natalia Schiffrin. When he arrives back at the hotel, we sit down in the lobby to have one last conversation about ecocide. The tech company Wirecard was embraced by the German lite. When Sands appears, some of them crane their necks and point in his direction. Schiffrin died on December 1, 2013 in Paris from pancreatic cancer . He has remained critical of the U.N. He paused, then cited the last line of the book, as he stood before the swamp that held the remains of his ancestors. Lee argues both for and against this narrative as she builds an ever richer, circular understanding of his abiding themes and concerns, of his personal and artistic life, and of his many other passionate engagementswith the plight of Soviet Jewry in the 1980s; the future of the London Library; the Belarus Free Theatre. When the book appeared, some scoffed. (In spite of their biological fathers heritage, both managed to procure Aryan identity papers.) from Duquesne University, and was a History of Art and Architecture major at the University of Pittsburgh. Sands wife, Natalia Schiffrin, is the daughter of the late, renowned publisher Andr Schiffrin, and a well regarded attorney and magistrate in her own right. The man he has been watching moves slowly to the dias where Sands is sitting and signals that he wants Sands to come closer. This is no joke. Philippe, if you do, Sands recalls her saying, I will divorce you! (She is American, and the daughter of the book publisher Andr Schiffrin, a founder of Students for a Democratic Society.) This narrative had become part of his performance. . It proves, he says, that powerful nations continue to pursue their narrow self interests and, when it suits them, ignore the legal order they purport to uphold. Subscribers can find additional help here. The men arrive at the university and are immediately greeted by a group of five people that includes Franoise Tulkens, the former Vice-President of the European Court of Human Rights. Philippe Sands is professor of law at University College London. Genocide is harder to prove and never satisfies anyone, Mr. Sands said. Having rebuffed Pinochet, Sands went to work for Human Rights Watch on the other side, arguing in favor of the application of universal jurisdiction and against immunity for the former head of state. When the lecture wraps up, the room gives him an extended round of applause. He wants to build things and is interested in real change. Sands is widely seen as the ideal spokesman for the cause because of his legal bona fides, his charisma and his fire for justice. Giving examples, he explains, instantly creates enemies, something the campaign cant afford. The move shocked the representatives of powerful countries, who bristled at the ballsy move. Guests at the blue plaque ceremony included Milein and Hans niece Ena Blyth, as well as current owners of the home, Philippe Sands and Natalia Schiffrin. Dan Gearinos habit-forming weekly take on how to understand the energy transformation reshaping our world. He was 78. Image Erich Lessing/Artists Rights Society/Art Resource, New York City. In 2018, Elys recounted the experience of being forced onto a ship and treated like animals and slaves. She was four months pregnant at the time and miscarried after arriving in Mauritius. In spite of these quibbles, this is an extraordinary record of a vital and evolving artistic life, replete with textured illuminations of the plays and their performances, and shaped by the arc of Stoppards exhilarating engagement with the world around him, and of his eventual awakening to his own past. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. This article is part of a series produced in partnership with NBC News andUndark Magazine, a non-profit, editorially independent digital magazine exploring the intersection of science and society. He recalled, I could spot right away that they were speaking as advocates of a cause. The group, which differed ideologically, professionally and geographically, something Sands emphasizes, met once a month on Zoom for three hours at a time and more often in smaller working groups. But it was not until Mr. Sands, an international lawyer and university professor, was invited to Lviv in 2010 to lecture at the university there that he began to dig into his suppressed past. Anytime he has the chance to walk, he takes it. Guests at the blue plaque ceremony included Milein and Hans niece Ena Blyth, as well as current owners of the home, Philippe Sands and Natalia Schiffrin. Find family history information in a whole new way Create a free family tree for yourself or for Natalia Schiffrin and well search for valuable new information for you. By signing up, you agree to our User Agreement and Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement. At dinners, he circles around the table to connect with each person. . Until this is sorted out, they are in their own legal black hole.. She was 20 years old in 1973 when the colonial British government forcibly removed her entire community, about 2,000 people, many of whom were former slaves, from their homes in the Chagos Islands. An eminent historian envisions a settlement among Russia, Ukraine, and the West. The arc of history is long and irregular, Sands said in July. He died in 1959, broke and still trying to convince the worlds most powerful country to ratify the 1948 genocide convention. . Philippe Sands relates the wider tragedy of the scandal with nerve and precision. The first, more frivolous Stoppard retorts: Personally Id rather have written Winnie-the-Pooh than the Collected Works of Brecht.. In that moment, they decided Otto would accept an official position in the Nazi government, knowing fully what that choice would mean. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. And the law has to recognize that., He paused again. Pinochet, who was in London for medical treatment, was arrested by British authorities, putting the ideal of universal jurisdiction to the test. Growing up, Sands had a close relationship with his maternal grandfather, Leon Buchholz. Time and again he had talked about his good luck, Lee notes. The countrys legislature is on the cusp of voting on domestic ecocide legislation and deciding whether to back the international effort. The suits in the audience take notes and intermittently students lean forward, smile and nod their heads in agreement. Sands tells Cogolati about an invitation he received from the German Ambassador in Brussels to brief an international coalition of diplomats about ecocide. He decides to walk the mile or so there under a gray November sky. Ive got a particular bugbear about lawyers, he added. Sands work on Chernobyl turned into his first book, which led to speaking invitations. His destination that evening was a 17th century Mennonite church in the center of town where he was to deliver a talk about The Ratline.. Covid numbers in the region have been surging and his audience will be mostly virtual. Wolffs paternal grandfather was the German publisher Kurt Wolff, whose first wife, Elisabeth Merck, was heiress to the pharmaceutical fortune, and who, with his second wife, Helen, found refuge in the United States in 1941 thanks to Varian Fry and the Emergency Rescue Committee. His casual black jacket, navy blue scarf and black boots give him the appearance of a relaxed college professor. Unusually for a barrister, he declined some cases those of the former Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet and Saddam Hussein because of the strongly felt advice of his American wife, Natalia Schiffrin, also a lawyer, with whom he has three children. This is the end of these peoples professional reputations! he said. (44) 20 7679 4758 Tel. He has a special interest in environmental law and laws governing crimes against humanity and genocide, having worked on cases involving Guantnamo, torture and claims of immunity by heads of state, including long conversations in 2006 advising Syrian leaders about the tribunal looking into the 2005 assassination of a former Lebanese prime minister, Rafik Hariri. So I decided to find out what really happened. While keeping up his busy law practice, he travelled to America to interview the key players in what he described as a writing project I am engaged in on international law and the war on terror. Many Bush officials, including Feith and William J. Haynes II, the former Pentagon general counsel, who was also named in the Spanish lawsuit, agreed to meet with Sands, perhaps expecting a friendly chat. Raphael Lemkins quest to criminalize genocide lasted over a decade. His talk is scheduled for a conference room on the ground floor with a projection screen, a table of catered salads, sandwiches, pastries and four tables surrounded by red office chairs. Their views changed in June, Cogolati explains, when a drafting panel co-chaired by Sands released its proposed definition for the crime, giving the movement legal legitimacy: ecocide is unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts. Its not that he was opposed to the idea, but his innate conservatism as a legal tactician made him wonder whether the timing was right. TV Shows. But what made her agree? Alexanders father and grandfather were reunited in the United States after the warKurt helped Niko get into a chemistry graduate program at Princeton, thus enabling his emigration from Germanybut the chasm between their experiences was lasting. Like Sands, Alexander Wolff is keen, after a generation of silence, to follow the untold stories wherever they might lead. But after a dustup, his thoughts inevitably turn on himself. A decade later, the same Spanish judge who initiated the legal proceedings against Pinochet, Baltasar Garzn, has been assigned to the case against the Bush Administration officials. Philippe Sands in Edinburgh. He discovered a passion in international law. Weve squandered the 30 intervening years and wasted time, he said in July. Movies. The panel could have overreached, putting out an aggressive definition knowing that governments would inevitably water it down. Surely it was the fact that very few contemporary lives are as rich, as interesting, or as artistically, intellectually, and historically compelling as Stoppards. Want to change your email address or password? Advocates call for more climate-focused conservation. Sands wife, Natalia Schiffrin, is the daughter of the late, renowned publisher Andr Schiffrin, and a well regarded attorney and magistrate in her own right. Lacking the political and military power to stop the hazardous tests, the affected countries looked to the rule of law for help. His daughter Natalia is married to international lawyer Philippe Sands . They lived in it from the mid-1950s to the late-1960s. By the time the case had reached Britains House of Lords, the world was watching, and Sands had a front row seat. Their timing and instincts couldnt have been better. Those familiar with his legal career say that his oral arguments transform dry legalese into compelling stories that unspool with a dramatic flair. Months went by as the parties waited on a ruling. The experience reified the idea of environmental destruction, and what it will mean for his children and future generations absent a change in course. A step back, two steps forward, a step sideways. He was in Paris, for the unveiling of his grandfathers gravestone, when he received a call asking him to represent Augusto Pinochet, the former Chilean dictator. Suddenly Im thrust into this world, and I think that upped the ante, Mr. Sands said. His research produced the 2008 book Torture Team, a searing analysis of the role top American officials played in systematizing torture. Philippe Sands is professor of law at University College London. Enrollment in the humanities is in free fall at colleges around the country. At one point, Sands shares that his work on the campaign has made him question his own professional choices. Mr. Sands adores Ms. Schiffrin, whom he met in New York in 1989. Our values change over time. Sands got his first chance to demonstrate his convictions professionally in 1998. East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, is a marvel of medicine, chance and his own spirit, 2005 assassination of a former Lebanese prime minister, Rafik Hariri, Britains vote to leave the European Union. Though Sands prefers to talk in personhe likes to feel what the audience is feeling and adjust his direction and tone accordinglyhe still speaks with a degree of sweep and verve characteristic of a litigator. The forced relocation was, in part, to make way for the U.S. military base Diego Garcia. Major nuclear powers like France, the United States and the United Kingdom balked at the idea, arguing that environmental protection had no place in general international law. Sands got his first chance to demonstrate his convictions professionally in 1998. Alexander recalls Niko as a pragmatic, rule-abiding father with a taste for high culture and DIY, who left his own past unexcavated. Or, as he puts it more tenderly elsewhere in the book, With us he was scrupulous about sharing only the beauty.. His work on East West Street set off a cascading series of events that led him to befriend Horst Wchter, one of the six children of the lawyer and Nazi governor of Galicia, Otto Wchter. The Chagossians were forced from their archipelago in the 1970s. Sands wont reveal exactly which human-rights authorities he consulted. But by paragraph 29 of the decision, the most authoritative international tribunal made clear: environmental protection is a concern of international law. Dignitaries included His Excellency The Austrian Ambassador Michael Zimmermann and Head of the Cultural section at the German embassy Ralf Teepe. But at this moment, he is in the flow. They used the power of their ideas to change the world., When he settled into his seat on the 2:22 p.m. Eurostar train from Brussels to Amsterdam the day after his two whirlwind ecocide lectures, Sands welcomed the opportunity to relax. About a year ago, a book came out in England that made a fascinating prediction: at some point in the future, the author wrote, six top officials in the Bush Administration would get a tap on the shoulder announcing that they were being arrested on international charges of torture. Stoppards early plays have traditionally been seen as dazzling intellectual games, short on human emotion, and many believe that it was only in his later work, particularly after The Real Thing (1982), a drama about infidelity, that he reached a fuller emotional expression. But, in recent months, one of them was Gonzalo Boye, the Chilean-born Spanish lawyer who last week filed the criminal complaint against the Bush officials, on behalf of five former prisoners who were, they allege, tortured in the U.S. military prison at Guantnamo Bay. A weekly email taking aim at the relentless absurdity of the 24-hour news cycle. Two Law Lords had voted against Pinochet and two had voted in his favor. He has tremendous presentation skills, said Paul C. Saunders, an American lawyer and former opponent of Sands in a high-stakes dispute between Suriname and Guyana. Tom Stoppard Geoffrey Argent/Art Resource, New York City/National Portrait Gallery, London, Rather like Alexander Wolffs father, Niko, Bobby long remained quiet about her early life and its terrible losses (her parents, three of her siblings, and many relatives died in the camps). Before joining ICN, she practiced law, specializing in commercial litigation. WebPhilippe Joseph Sands, KC (born 17 October 1960) is a British and French writer and lawyer at 11 King's Bench Walk and Professor of Laws and Director of the Centre on International Courts and Tribunals at University College London. Having finished his first ecocide talk of the evening, Sands and Cogolati walk five minutes to where Sands will deliver his next lecture, which was organized by one of his former students at the Universit Saint-Louis. What Sands discovers, however, is the presence of double agents, and the awareness, and perhaps complicity, of American intelligence agencies, whose primary preoccupation at the time was anticommunism. Its not if it happens, but when, Sands says, holding up his right index finger. But Id been asking him questions about his legal career for two days running, and he was still thinking about a womana clientnamed Marie Liseby Elys. Conscious of this, Sands knows he must deliver. On the way, they trade gossip about Belgian and international politics. Seventy-five years later, that family is still convulsed by that single decision, Sands said. So he started cold-calling administration lawyers and pouring over official documents like Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfelds notorious Action Memo, which aimed to legitimize extreme interrogation measures like waterboarding, sleep deprivation and mental and physical torment. WebPhilippe Sands is known for What Our Fathers Did: A Nazi Legacy (2015), Independent Lens (1999) and We Are Many (2014). WebSands was born in London on 17 October 1960 to Jewish parents. All strands of that thought-provoking exploration run through the city now known as Lviv (formerly Lemberg and Lww), where Sandss Jewish forebears lived and were massacred during the Second World War, and where the two lawyers who conceived of the terms genocide and crimes against humanity were originally educated. As of 1945, there have been four international crimes, the oldest one is war crimes, a 19th century invention, and then three invented in 1945 in the context of the creation of the international military tribunal at Nuremberg: crimes against humanity, the destruction of individuals; genocide, the destruction of groups; and the crime of aggression, the waging of illegal war., All of these existing international crimes, and there have been no new ones for 75 years, focus on the protection of the human being, for obvious and very good reasons. Philippe Sands relates the wider tragedy of the scandal with nerve and precision. The group, acting pro bono with the backing of the Ford Foundation, approached small low lying island nations and convinced them to band together, using CIEL as their legal representation. While the book has a legal history to tell, to Mr. Sands, it was most importantly an effort to understand the secrets his grandparents kept, and to fill the yawning gap he came to feel about who he is, what he has become and why. I spent two years trekking around the country, finding out that they were manifestly untruthful, Sands said. When he talks about the case, which he calls one of the most important of his career, his nose wrinkles and the volume of his voice ticks up, tinged with an edge of disgust. It was revolutionary, Sands said in July. WebPhilippe Sandss remarkable 2016 book, East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, weaves together the history of his family and that of two concepts central to his chosen profession as an international human-rights lawyer. By continuing to use this site, you accept this policy. But bored, he soon turned to law, because I thought it would create opportunities, and safety, he said. Menu. The legal team representing Pinochet had asked Sands to join them in arguing that their client, as a former head of state, was immune from prosecution. Locked out of your account? From 2018 to 2019, Sands represented Mauritius before the International Court of Justice. He wanted to spare us, of course. In the backseat of the taxi, Sands tells the driver in fluent French to head to the Rue Duquesnoy in the heart of the city. Like Dr. Henry Selwyn in Sebalds The Emigrants, Stoppard is revealed as someone whose displaced and traumatic childhood was so carefully overlaid by a stable British boarding school education and a successful patriotic life that the trauma might, for a long time, have been thought to have been erased. But, Sands isnt interested in the esoteric. But I hope he does the right thing. They tracked down Sands and Cameron, his colleague, at their hotel. 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